NAME
pgsql_table - Postfix PostgreSQL client configuration
SYNOPSIS
postmap -q "string" pgsql:/etc/postfix/filename
postmap -q - pgsql:/etc/postfix/filename <inputfile
DESCRIPTION
The Postfix mail system uses optional tables for address rewriting or mail routing. These tables are usually in dbm or db format.
Alternatively, lookup tables can be specified as PostgreSQL databases. In order to use PostgreSQL lookups, define a PostgreSQL source as a lookup table in main.cf, for example: alias_maps = pgsql:/etc/pgsql-aliases.cf
The file /etc/postfix/pgsql-aliases.cf has the same format as the Postfix main.cf file, and can specify the parameters described below.
BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY
For compatibility with other Postfix lookup tables, PostgreSQL parameters can also be defined in main.cf. In order to do that, specify as PostgreSQL source a name that doesnt begin with a slash or a dot. The PostgreSQL parameters will then be accessible as the name youve given the source in its definition, an underscore, and the name of the parameter. For example, if the map is specified as "pgsql:pgsqlname", the parameter "hosts" below would be defined in main.cf as "pgsqlname_hosts".
Note: with this form, the passwords for the PostgreSQL sources are written in main.cf, which is normally world-readable. Support for this form will be removed in a future Postfix version.
Postfix 2.2 has enhanced query interfaces for MySQL and PostgreSQL, these include features previously available only in the Postfix LDAP client. In the new interface the SQL query is specified via a single query parameter (described in more detail below). In Postfix 2.1 the parameter precedence was, from highest to lowest, select_function, query and finally select_field, ...
With Postfix 2.2 the query parameter has highest precedence, and is used in preference to the still supported, but slated to be phased out, select_function, select_field, table, where_field and additional_conditions parameters. To migrate to the new interface set:
query = SELECT select_function(%s)
or in the absence of select_function, the lower precedence:
query = SELECT select_field FROM table WHERE where_field = %s additional_conditions
Use the value, not the name, of each legacy parameter. Note that the additional_conditions parameter is optional and if not empty, will always start with AND.
LIST MEMBERSHIP
When using SQL to store lists such as $mynetworks, $mydestination, $relay_domains, $local_recipient_maps, etc., it is important to understand that the table must store each list member as a separate key. The table lookup verifies the *existence* of the key. See "Postfix lists versus tables" in the DATABASE_README document for a discussion.
Do NOT create tables that return the full list of domains in $mydestination or $relay_domains etc., or IP addresses in $mynetworks.
DO create tables with each matching item as a key and with an arbitrary value. With SQL databases it is not uncommon to return the key itself or a constant value.
PGSQL PARAMETERS
hosts |
The hosts that Postfix will try to connect to and query from.
Specify unix: for UNIX-domain sockets, inet: for TCP
connections (default). Example:
hosts = host1.some.domain host2.some.domain
hosts = unix:/file/name
The hosts are tried in random order, with all connections over UNIX domain sockets being tried before those over TCP. The connections are automatically closed after being idle for about 1 minute, and are re-opened as necessary. NOTE: the unix: and inet: prefixes are accepted for backwards compatibility reasons, but are actually ignored. The PostgreSQL client library will always try to connect to an UNIX socket if the name starts with a slash, and will try a TCP connection otherwise. | ||||||||||||||||
user, password | The user name and password to log into the pgsql server. Example: user = someone password = some_password | ||||||||||||||||
dbname | The database name on the servers. Example: dbname = customer_database | ||||||||||||||||
query |
The SQL query template used to search the database, where %s
is a substitute for the address Postfix is trying to resolve,
e.g.
query = SELECT replacement FROM aliases WHERE mailbox = %s
This parameter supports the following % expansions:
| ||||||||||||||||
The domain parameter described below limits the input
keys to addresses in matching domains. When the domain
parameter is non-empty, SQL queries for unqualified addresses
or addresses in non-matching domains are suppressed
and return no results.
The precedence of this parameter has changed with Postfix 2.2, in prior releases the precedence was, from highest to lowest, select_function, query, select_field, ... With Postfix 2.2 the query parameter has highest precedence, see COMPATIBILITY above. NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the query parameter. | |||||||||||||||||
result_format (default: %s) |
Format template applied to result attributes. Most commonly used
to append (or prepend) text to the result. This parameter supports
the following % expansions:
| ||||||||||||||||
For example, using "result_format = smtp:[%s]" allows one
to use a mailHost attribute as the basis of a transport(5)
table. After applying the result format, multiple values
are concatenated as comma separated strings. The expansion_limit
and parameter explained below allows one to restrict the number
of values in the result, which is especially useful for maps that
must return at most one value.
The default value %s specifies that each result value should be used as is. This parameter is available with Postfix 2.2 and later. NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the result format! | |||||||||||||||||
domain (default: no domain list) |
This is a list of domain names, paths to files, or
dictionaries. When specified, only fully qualified search
keys with a *non-empty* localpart and a matching domain
are eligible for lookup: user lookups, bare domain lookups
and "@domain" lookups are not performed. This can significantly
reduce the query load on the PostgreSQL server.
domain = postfix.org, hash:/etc/postfix/searchdomains
It is best not to use SQL to store the domains eligible for SQL lookups. This parameter is available with Postfix 2.2 and later. NOTE: DO NOT define this parameter for local(8) aliases, because the input keys are always unqualified. | ||||||||||||||||
expansion_limit (default: 0) | A limit on the total number of result elements returned (as a comma separated list) by a lookup against the map. A setting of zero disables the limit. Lookups fail with a temporary error if the limit is exceeded. Setting the limit to 1 ensures that lookups do not return multiple values. | ||||||||||||||||
OBSOLETE QUERY INTERFACES
This section describes query interfaces that are deprecated as of Postfix 2.2. Please migrate to the new query interface as the old interfaces are slated to be phased out.
select_function |
This parameter specifies a database function name. Example:
select_function = my_lookup_user_alias
This is equivalent to: query = SELECT my_lookup_user_alias(%s) This parameter overrides the legacy table-related fields (described below). With Postfix versions prior to 2.2, it also overrides the query parameter. Starting with Postfix 2.2, the query parameter has highest precedence, and the select_function parameter is deprecated. |
The following parameters (with lower precedence than the
select_function interface described above) can be used to
build the SQL select statement as follows:
SELECT [select_field] FROM [table] WHERE [where_field] = %s [additional_conditions] The specifier %s is replaced with each lookup by the lookup key and is escaped so if it contains single quotes or other odd characters, it will not cause a parse error, or worse, a security problem. Starting with Postfix 2.2, this interface is obsoleted by the more general query interface described above. If higher precedence the query or select_function parameters described above are defined, the parameters described here are ignored. | |
select_field | The SQL "select" parameter. Example: select_field = forw_addr |
table | The SQL "select .. from" table name. Example: table = mxaliases |
where_field | The SQL "select .. where" parameter. Example: where_field = alias |
additional_conditions | Additional conditions to the SQL query. Example: additional_conditions = AND status = paid |
SEE ALSO
postmap(1), Postfix lookup table manager postconf(5), configuration parameters ldap_table(5), LDAP lookup tables mysql_table(5), MySQL lookup tables
README FILES
Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_directory" to locate this information. DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview PGSQL_README, Postfix PostgreSQL client guide
LICENSE
The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
HISTORY
PgSQL support was introduced with Postfix version 2.1.
AUTHOR(S)
Based on the MySQL client by:
Scott Cotton, Joshua Marcus
IC Group, Inc.
Ported to PostgreSQL by:
Aaron Sethman
Further enhanced by:
Liviu Daia
Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy
P.O. BOX 1-764
RO-014700 Bucharest, ROMANIA